Chapter 7 (11.16.2025)

Transcript

All right, everyone, let's get started. Good morning. Good morning. Let's, let me give you. Actually, let's pray. And then I'm going to remind you of the schedule and then we'll get started on chapter 7. Okay, let's let's see. Let's thank the Lord first. Father, we give you praise for who you are. You are the one true and living God, along with the Son and the Holy Spirit. And we praise you for your creation of us, we praise you for your providence, we praise you for your salvation of us. And through the gospel of Jesus, Lord, we ask your blessing now on our class as we fellowship together and talk about the language that you ordained the New Testament to be written in, the Greek, we ask your blessing, that we would learn, that we would grow, that we would be encouraged, and most of all, that we would see Jesus and trust Jesus in your word. We pray, in His name and by the power of the Holy Spirit, Amen.. Okay. So we have how many more weeks of November after today? Two? Is that right? Christ the king, and then Advent one. Next week is Christ the King Sunday, and then Advent. So, the schedule is a little wonky, disjointed with, in terms of advent, and kind of how we're celebrating and resting, but we will not have any classes during the month of December, during the month of December, there will just be worship service. So next week, there will be two more weeks of classes. What we will do next week, let me look at, what is chapter 8? Next week is preposition. So we will do chapter 7.. We will do chapter 7 today. We will have class next week and do chapter 8 propositions. The week after that, which is the last Sunday of November, the Sunday after Thanksgiving, probably? Okay. Wow, that'll be the first week of Advent. We will have class, we will just do review. That's our last class until January. So we'll review, we can talk about everything, anything and everything that we've discussed, because during the month of December, it's holidays, of course, everyone's busy got stuff going on. But if you're wanting to keep up with your Greek, of course, you're going to want to spend that time reviewing everything, maybe take that time to look at some vocabulary that you haven't looked at, looking at the paradigms, just reminding yourself of everything so that when we come back, the first week in January that we have class, we will review that week as well. Just get all back on the same page, and then continue to move forward in January. Yes year. All of the Bible classes are on for December? All of the Bible classes are on hiatus. Yeah, not just this one. Yeah, that's correct. So for December, we will have church at 10:30 every week. And then after New Year's back in it. There will be two new other classes in starting in January because the classes that are going right now, Bobby's theology class and Andrews CS, so those class will wrap up. But then there'll be two other new classes in January. Zach and Brett, I believe. But if you're sticking with Greek, that doesn't affect you, unless if you want to drop and go somewhere else, feel free. But if you're going to stick with us,, then they'll our plan, like I told you from the very beginning, is to take this through May, and see how far we can get with it. SP. I just want to bring it up now, because I'll forget. we had this schedule for security. in the morning. Yeah. And I'm on for every other week. Every other week. Yeah. Okay. Starting next week. Okay. And I'll be running it through the main service too. Okay. I'll just be out the whole. Okay. So for you, you can decide if you want to stick with us when you're not, and then just kind of like, you could listen to the glasses online or whatever. I mean, I want to stay. I, that's okay. Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. It's not, I mean. No, we're not barring anyone from here, but, you know, it's whatever you want to do and how you're feeling feeling up to it. But yeah, absolutely. Of course, brother. Yeah. I'll be here and continue to feign interest. All right. Appreciate that. Appreciate it. Any interest, whether vain or real, is okay as long as we can keep moving and especially for those who are, you, trying hard to to learn and grow, are other group that we meet on every other Wednesday night, with some of the teachers who can't make it to the class, they're There's kind of like a similar vibe of some who are really presscedent and some who are like, I just like to be exposed to it and hang out. And so that's, that's fine. But we do want to do good work, so everyone can benefit from it. Okay, so today, we are going to talk about contract verse, chapter 7. And this is something like in Greek, we shouldn't be shouldn't surprise us. I know when we're learning a language and it's new, things can feel like, oh, man, now there's something else that I got to try and figure out. I thought I had I thought I had the nouns all figured out, I thought I had the verbs all figured out, and now you're throwing a wrench, a monkey wrench into this. But this is true for every language. It's true for English. We have contractions in English. Do not, we contract and don't, right? Cannot, we contract to can't. Same is true with Greek. There are verbs that we've learned so far, especially verbs with stems that end in alpha, orpha epsilon, or oicron, that are contract verbs. The verb po, I do, where I make. You. I've got I've got these already up here ready for us to think about, but the verb poo, for example, you guys remember this from vocabulary or us talking about it? Or if you've watched the lectures or anything? So this is Po AO, it means I do where I make. And this is what we memorize, right? What we call the lexical form, the dictionary form, the present active, indicative, first person singular. But the truth is, when we memorize a verb like Poo, or agapo, or play rao, agapo means "I love, play rao means how you feel, or I fulfill. These forms that were memorizing are actually artificial. There is nowhere in the Greek New Testament where you're going to see Poo or Agafo, or P Rao, because they're all all their forms are going to contract, because they have the last letter of the stem here, is going to the two vowels are going to contract. And so when we're memorizing these forms, we're kind of memorizing them with kind of like an artificial piece of glass stuck in there. And the reason is, so we know that their contract verbs. So we know that when we see them, they're going to look different. If a verb does not have an alpha or an epsilon or an homicron, at the end of its stem, it's not going to contract, like luo, all of the forms for luo that we've seen are going to be the forms in the Bible. But these verbs that have an alpha, an epsilon or an amicron, not an upsilon, not a neiota, not an Ada, just alpha, epsilon, and omicron. They're going to contract and look different, because the two verbs basically crash into each other and make a new form. Why? I don't know, why do we say don't instead of do not. Like, it's easier, it's more appealing, right?? I don't know. They spoke that way. If you were to go back in time, get in your DeLorean and go ask the Apostle Paul, why does Po look different? He'd be like, what are you talking about? You know what I mean? Like, I don't know. This is what we said. This is what we, right? It's not, this is how language works. And so when we're learning it, just like, again, I don't know, I don't want to say necessarily any language I'm a linguistic expert, but I know with Greek and the way Greek has been taught for centuries because this is a language, especially coin A Greek, has been taught, since the Reformation to many, many people, and even before then, as it was passed on in the early church, this is the way it was learned. And so this is the way that we're learning it. But this is really more conceptual. I guess is what I'm trying to say. This is, you can figure these words out, seeing them in the New Testament, and I'll show you this in a minute or in a second, it's not like, you'd be like, I don't know, that looks weird, but I know what that is. So really, what we're doing today is more conceptual to help us understand why. Why does it look different? And so here's the good news. The last couple weeks, we learned Presidenticative, imperfect indicative, two new verbal forms. Today, we are learning no new verbal forms. Today we're going to apply these rules of contract verbs to the present and imperfect verbs. And this really only applies to present and imperfect verbs. Why? Because other verbs that we haven't learned yet, that we'll learn in the future, aris, tense, future tense, perfect tense. Remember, we talked about those in the overview. blue perfect. All of those verbal forms insert a consonant into the middle of the word. That's how we know that's what they are. So a future verb of if a verb is in the future, if luo is in the future, a sigma is inserted at the end of this stem.Lo, and that's how you know, I will loose. So for Po, or these other verbs, that sigma is protecting it from contracting. Perfect does it with a kappa. We don't need to worry about any of those. This is just present and imperfect verbs. So that's the first good news, is we don't have to learn any new paradigms today, any new verbal forms. Here is the other good news. With the exception of an AM paradigm at the end of the imperfect Amy, which we'll talk about, There's nothing in this chapter else, what we're going to spend most of the time on, there's nothing that you need to memorize or feel like you need to memorize. This, the whole purpose of having a conversation about contract verbs is so that we're exposed to the idea, so that we so that when we see it, we're like, oh, this is weird contract verb. And maybe you'll remember what's going on. Maybe you'll have to look it up. But you'll understand why this isn't looked like how Luo looks or other verbs that that aren't contract verbs. So, no new paradigs to memorize what we're going to talk about today with these there are seven rules or seven guidelines for understanding how contract verbs work. No need to memorize it. You can if you want to, if you're an overachiever, but really, this is just a resource so that when we see the contract verbs, we're like, oh, okay, I remember, contract. What's just like a child who's learning grammar, and you say can't and they're like, I know what this means, but I maybe I don't know how. And then, you know, you explain it to them or they can they think back. It's the similar idea. This is not as important as us knowing, you know, the luo paradigm or the Cia paradigm. Because of those things are in the New Testament so often that it's more beneficial for us to understand and recognize them, this not as important. We just want to be familiar to it. We just want to be exposed to it. Any questions about that? I know this will probably make more sense as we walk through it, and if anyone's read the chapter already, or watched Plumber's lecture already, you may understand, but so far, I just want to, for us to all feel good that this is just kind of exposure. Like, when we did chapter four, and we're like, just we're just seeing it, we're just hearing it. So when we see it in the future, we're like, oh, yeah, I remember. We talked about that. Okay. Makes sense? Any questions about that or anything? Okay. So let's look at page 71 and you can see in the middle there, there's a paradigm for Po. And you can see notice how it doesn't look exactly how you would expect it to look, right? Is that fair? Like, so based on what we learned for, you know, Luo, the Luu padem, Ami for usin, for all the endings, we would expect the first person singular to be Po A up, right? Just like we're learning vocabulary. But it's not. It's Poo, with a circumflex, you guys see that? Second person, Po Ace. Po A for the third. Poen for the first person plural. Poa for the second person plural. Poen for the third person plural. And so now, I don't want to impose my assumptions or thoughts on anyone else, but I would assume, if you're familiar, if you know the paradigms, if you know the vocab and you saw this in the New Testament, my guess would be you would think, I know what that is, but it looks weird. Right? Does that make sense? Yeah. Like, you see that, you're like, I know Pueo, and I know, like, OA- I know these endings, but this looks weird. I don't know why, but like, I'm pretty sure that's what it is. That's what contract verbs are doing. Because the ending and that A or that epsilon, I'm sorry are coming together to make a different thing, like can't or don't. Now, to be fair, as we're getting started, he kind of starts here with Poeo because Poeo is like one of the easiest ones. They kind of these.silonilon verbs, the stems that end in epsilon, are kind of like the easiest to recognize the verbs that the se ends in alpha, are a little more difficult, and then the verbs that end in stem ends in amicron, play ra oh, are probably kind of the most difficult. So that's kind of the order we're working in, but all of them recognizable. Like, if you know who these stems, agap, play, like, if you know, this means to do, this means love, I love, this means I feel or I fulfill. You're going to recognize it. It's just going to look a little unexpected. Any questions about that? No. Okay, so, um, one more thing to note is here on page 71 The circumflex that is above, that circumflex is signifying to us that the verbs have contracted. Now, we remember, everyone noticed the circum flux over the vowels at the end of the end or the middle of the verbs. So we've been sitting this whole time the accent marks, really not that important, right? Because they're artificial. Paul didn't write them. John didn't write them. Peter didn't write them. They were added later to help us understand. All true. If you found, if you somehow found an original manuscript like the actual piece of papyrus that Paul wrote Romans on, first of all, you would be famous. And that would be one of the greatest blessings that God's ever given for us to discover, right? But what you would notice among many things is that there are no accent marks. There'd be no accent marks. You would write it in all capital letters, there'd be no spaces in between. It'd be hard to read. It'd be hard to read for a Greek scholar, right? This is something that people work hard to figure out, even the oldest manuscripts that we have. But the accent marks are artificial, but what they're doing here is they're signifying to us that a contraction has happened. Now, it's fair to ask, this is these accent marks are interpretation, right? These are not God breathed, inspired. True, but, or should I say, with that being said, many Christians, many scholars, many pastors over multiple millennia have come to this consensus. And so while we don't say thus saith the Lord on the circumfllex, we can be we can feel pretty good that, like, they probably found all the contract verbs in the Bible. There are some are some forms that are going to look kind of like nouns to us. I'm going to be like, whoa, that looks like noun forms that I learned with the Cardilla paradigm or something like that. And so how do they know for sure? And our answer is, what, John? Context, right? If it's not a noun very clearly from the context, you know So we can feel pretty good that this stuff is very helpful for us, Jared. raises a question, with all of these scholars past and presents that in on how the words should be pronounced and where accents are, et cetera, et et cetera. It makes you wonder how many manuscripts that they've worked with had Miss spellings in Grees. Yeah, lots. Lots and lots, for sure. All the variants, textual variants, you can the Greek New Testament, that the NA, if anyone has the NA, is the most comprehensive with all the critical variants and stuff. But, I mean, even if you have a Bible, ESV Bible, NASB, a lot of them will even know textual variants to different degrees. So yeah. And I can tell you, I've told you guys this before, a lot of times when I'm preparing sermons, if it's from a New Testament, if I'm doing good work and I have the time, I will handwrite the Greek text out just for my own personal benefit of being more familiar with it, and then translate it and move forward, and the amount of textual variants that I have had, just from trying to look in handwrite, and then I'm trying to translate it, I'm like, this isn't fitting, and I go back and check, and what did I do? I misspelled a word. Or I accidentally jumped a line and missed some of the text. I mean, and that's, you know, think about scribes and monks and whoever would just do this hours and hours and hours, man. Yeah, there were variants, for sure. Similarly, not theings, but cases where the spelling is perfect, but fat grammar. Yeah, yeah. And so they take the collection of all the manuscripts that we have. They figure it out. Yeah, and there's a lot. The whole field of textual criticism is dedicated to that. And so you can if you're interested, you could look at that on your own. So here's maybe this is a helpful way to remember that the that the circumflux is signifying to us contract verb. So here, give me your hand. When you make a contract for someone, what do you do? Shake. Shaking their hands. So that circumflux is letting us know that a contract has been made, that the the, you know, if that's helpful to you, maybe it's not, whateverever. So it's kind of like our apostrophe, essentially. Exactly. That's exactly what it is. That's how it's functioning. Again, artificial, but helpful for us. And again, if we know, see, some of this is like, if you're like, if I haven't studied, if I don't run my stuff, then a lot of this doesn't mean anything to me. But if I know, hey, this is a verb. Like, I know Poo means I do, I make. And you see, Poo, or Poes or whatever, you see that circumflux, like all the pieces are fitting, you know, if we know our vocab, if we know our paradise, right? Even in English, if our for contractions were missing, we would still recognize it. Yeah, that's true. No doubt. As a rule. Yeah. People text, right? People do not follow the rules of grammar when they text. And so that's we do that all the time. All right, page 72, let's talk about this. Make sure we have enough time. There are ways throughout history and different grammars, these rules of contraction have been taught in different ways. If you're into rote memorization, if that's your jam, then I'm page 72, you can see these three different charts here, the alpha contract verbs, the Epsilon contract verbs, and the amicicron contract verbs right underneath it, there's a summary chart, which is another way that it could be memorized if either of those are most helpful to you, then use them. There is but what I want to go through on page 73 are these seven rules that can help us remember contract verbs. And I'll tell you having since I took Greek, and I've taken elementary Greek and Greek syntax several times, twice for credit, once in Bible, once in seminary, and then I've audited it at least once, if not twice, just to try and like, do what we're all doing here, you know, refresh and get better. And so even with all that, I. couldn't necessarily just rattle off all the rules of contract verbs, right? Stuff sticks with you when you're in it all the time. And even using it for preaching and that kind of stuff, it's like, you're not always thinking about, I mean, there's a lot of chapters in this book, right? So we don't all have all of this down every second of every day. But some of the things, even reviewing this week to prepare for today, like, we're coming back to my mind from someone that's not all of them, but some of them were. And so, if you're into rope memorization, if you're into chart 72, is your page, if you're into like a list of trying to, you know, ways to remember it, then we're going to talk about it page 73. Again, if you this isn't to be memorized necessarily. If you want to, do it, but this is exposure. This is, oh, yeah, okay, I remember that. All right, so the first on page 73, there are seven rules. This comes from Bill Mouse's great grammar book. That's the one I used in college. And so he very helpfully summarized all of this for us. There are five rules for if the contract ver when we say the contract verb letter or vowel, we're talking about po A. We're talking about that epsilon, or the alpha, Ago, or the Amakron. Play Rao. That's what we're talking about. If the contract vowel is connecting with a singular vowel, there are five rules for us to help remember this. Then there are two more rules underneath that. If the contract vowel is connecting with the dip thong. Remember a dipthong is two vowels that are making one sound. Okay, so let's go through these. Rule number one is if an epsilon connects with an omicron, or if an omicron connects with an epsilon, or if an omicron and an omicron connect with each other, what it creates is omicron Osalon? Ooh. This was one, if there was a clever way to remember this that I learned, I didn't remember it. If you watch the lecture on this chapter, you can see he'll have some pictures and stuff to go with it that might be helpful for you to remember. But Plummer uses the example of basically, if you look, if you look at an omicron, it you, it looks like it's like picture it like. You guys, do you remember the movie Bubble Boy, how he lives in like the big bubble? Or like kids have those, like, there's like these games that people can play where they're like a big bowling ball and they and they're like in big inflatable thing. Does everyone know what those are? Okay. He said, so imagine that it's that, and then you have the epsilon and well, every Halloween, our kids at their school, they do like a little Halloween parade where they're all dressed up in their costumes and everything. And there's always kids wearing the inflatable costumes, you know? And so there's always, there's always like someone in a dinosaur costume and they're like, you know, with the little arms and they're like waddling around. And so imagine that the epsilon is like one of those little T reex inflatables. And so you have a little T reex inflatable guy, you have a little bubble boy guy, and if they were to crash into each other, if kids were being wild, because sometimes kids can be wild. Sometimes. Believe it or not, it's true. So imagine they're running around being wild and they crash into each other and they both fall down. And I think about if that happened to me, I would say, ooh, that would hurt. Okay. So if Esilon and Ammicron crash into each other, or if Ammicron and Esilon crashed, or if Omicron and Amicron crash, you say, ooh. I don't know. If that's helpful, that's what he uses. I can't remember the original one that I learned or if there was other ones I just did remember that one, but. Or you can r memorize it, or you can just, if you find it in your New Testament someday and you're like, why does this word look weird? You can remember contract verbs and look it up. But that's rule number one. And that happens every time. These rules are not broken in the New Testament, okay? The second one is epsilon plus Esilon equals Esilon ioda. This is one I remember the one he uses in the video is what I remember learning in college, too, and he says, if you have one egghead and you put them together with another egghead, you get egghead intelligence. Again, if it's helpful, cool, if not, then just rope memorize it. Esilon plus Esalon is epson ioda. Third rule. Omega is formed from almost any vowel combined with Omicron or Omega, except for the cases covered by the first bullet point. So in the first bullet point, we know Omicron and Esilon are going to equal Omicron opsilon, and we know that Omicron Omicron are going to as well. But if if Omicron or Omega connect with a vowel other than the epsilon, or the Omega with itself, it's always going to be omega. So this, and I remember this one too, from back in the day, is what they call the flex rule. So you think about an Omicron, think about Arnold Schwarzenegger, all right, out on Venice Beach. Think about Hulk Hogan, all right? What do those guys do that have giant mussels? They flex their muscles, right? They go down, like Omicron, or they put them up, like Omega, all right? That's the flex rule. Okay, I remember, you can remember Schwarzenegger or Hulk Hogan on that one? Rest in peace, brother.. Rule number four. Alpha plus Esilon equals alpha. And the rule for this is if you got an A an elementary school, you're going to get an A for the rest of your life. So A plus E equals or alpha plus plus absent. Again, I don't know. Maybe that's helpful. Maybe it's not. But I did remember that one from before when he said it. My wife is a good example. The woman who only ever got Ace in her life. A in Elementary school, A for life. The fifth rule. Omicron plus Esilon and Yoda equals Omicron Ioda. O. There was there was a clever little device that I think I learned in college. I can't remember what it was. In the the lecture, he uses the example of who remembers the show eight is enough? Does anybody familiar with that show? 8 is enough. Jerry? It's from like the 70s or something. Yeah, eight is enough. So, so we got two of them. So this probably isn't helpful if you've never heard of it or don't know what it is, because I really didn't know what it was. I remember hearing about it. We have eight people in our family, so I can remember that that he said on the show, eight is enough, you have a lot of oily kids. So Omicron plus, Esilon Yoda equals omicron yoda. We got some oily kids in our house, too, so if you want to remember that in the Logan now house, there's eight people and there's oily kids. So I don't know. Maybe helpful or you can just, again, r memorize or figure something out. If you want to make up your own, too, obviously, if you're smarter than I am. So those are the five for, if there's a single contract file and a single and touching a singular vowel. And then there's two more rules for if it connects with a dip thong. The first is if the contract vowel and the first vowel are the same, one of the letters just drops out. So look at that, you got the epsilon and the epsilon yo. It's just epsilon yod. One of the epilons is dropping out. It's pretty easy, or same with the oicron. So that one's like, you're just, you're not even going to think about it. You just drop whatever. It happened. This looks familiar enough. The second one is if the vows are different, they contract, and they're going to use the rules, the five rules from above. So you can see that Esilon and Ioda Oilon, think about the first rule, paying a little T Rex and the bubble bubble or crashing into each other. It's gonna be oo. Now, here's the second part of it. If they're different and there's a yoda involved, that Ioda's going to subscript. So we're going to follow the rules of that we learned the first five rules, alpha and Absaloniota. So A Elementary School, A for Life, and that Yoda subscripts. Voda subscripts under alpha, Aa, and Omega. Now, again, you don't have to compose coin A Greek, right? It's not on us to follow these rules as we're writing it out. What's on us is we're gonna see it, and it's gonna look different than what we're expecting. Okay? And so this is just exposure. This is just saying, oh, yeah, I remember if someday in the future, and you've gone through enough Greek and for your morning devotion, your reading through a verse or two of the Greek New Testament every day and translating it, and you're like, I'm reading God's Word in the original language, and you come across a verb that just looks a little weird and you're like, I know what this is, but this doesn't look like the paradigm I'm thinking of in my head, and then you're like, oh, yeah. Al said those contract things, you know, and then you pull out your plumber book or you Google great contract verbs or you use your logos or whatever you use, and you know what's going on. This is the scenario we're talking about. So don't think like, holy cow, man, I'm still working on my paradigms, and now we got all these rules we got, no, no, no. You can if you want to. Go ahead, but I don't have all this memorized, right? This is exposure. This is understanding what's going on for when we read it, okay? So let's you'll notice that the bottom of ' 73, he's got a paradigm with Luo, which is showing us how the present normally works. And then all of the different forms of the contractions on the next page, this applies again to the present middle five, the imperfect active, and the imperfect middle passive. Everything that we've learned so far. So here's what we're gonna do, right? We've got about 15 minutes left. What I want to do is go to page 73 and we're going to have these rules in front of us, and we're going to apply the rules and see how they work. And we'll see through as much as we can get through all of Po, Agapo, and Po. If not, that's fine. I' just want us to see that this, of those seven rules work and they're going to produce what we're going to see in the Bible, okay? So let's start with Po AO. Poo, let's just put that there. Poo is our endings for our present, active indicative O, ai, or. So if we have Poo, what is this going to contract to? We've got an epsilon and an omega. What's going to happen there? What rule? Let's look at rule. What rule is that going to teach us? What rule is showing us what's gonna happen there? Absalon and Omega. Three? Rule number three. So what is the first person present active indicative? What's gonna happen? We call that the flex rule, right? The flex rule here. What's gonna happen with the epsilon and the omega? Damnilon's gonna draw out. It's just gonna be omega, right? And that's what we saw. Let's look at the bottom of page 73. for the first singular of Poeo. It's just Po. You see that? Mm hmm. The rule. That's what. So anything that's touching omega is gonna just become omega. So it's going to be foil with a circumance. The circumflex lets us know there was a contract, right? The hands are shaking. Makes sense? Mm hmm. Any questions about that? Okay, let's keep going. So we got Po, and then the second person, Ace. What's going to happen here? An absilon. and an epsilon.. Oh, that. Yeah, one drop soft right. Like, so it becomes, what do you say, two. My brain. Oh, so when it's yeah, you say, and then eppsilon then it becomes you know, real two, right? Abseline and Aya. Right. Isn't that right? Yeah, this is one where rule two and rule one of the diphthong, they're giving us the same thing, aren't they? Yeah. Because we got an epsilon and a diph phone here, epsilon and the oa. One of them is going to drop out, but also, you got an egghead and an egghead, you're getting an egghead and intelligence. Right? So it's gonna give us the same thing. So basically,. We're getting poets. The circle box. What's the circle area? I don't care. Does't.. Yeah. Okay. Makes sense? Mm hmm. Yeah. Similar thing here. This is exactly the same without the signal, right? So what's that going to be? How are we going to pronounce that? The epsilon, one of them's going to drop out, just like we did before. And we're gonna get P. Right? Sounds. Makes sense. Again, you're're gonna see this in the New Testament, right? And so you're probably gonna recognize it, but also now you know what's going on. All right, let's keep going. P and then Amen, so we've got an epsilon and an omega. What happens with epsilon and omega? It turns into an new one. Rule one. Rule one. You got that T rax and that bubble boy crashing into each other? Ooh. That would hurt. That would hurt me. I'll tell you that. Of course, falling down in any capacity would hurt me, so I would be saying, ooh, if not more. So,. Circumflux probably over the Us, I guess. It's circumplus there, too, yeah. Yeah. You're going to see a circumflux, you know. So, I mean,. I don't really care where it is because the point is you're just going to see it, you know, okay, keep going. Pi, and then A. What do we doing here? We got an epson and an epsalon. Got an egghead and an egghead? What do you get? Ahead. head and I know. Man, you loves cheesy. It's working, though, Alan. I know. I'm I remembered that one. pretty helpful. Imembered that one from college. I did. So, like that right. So it looks weird. It's how we expected, but we understand what's happening there. Where's the circumflexing right here? Okay, sweet. All right, let's do the third person plural. We got in put that epsilon in there.silon and we got this diph phone here. So we've got two different vowels that are touching with a diphthong. What's gonna happen there? Rule two, right of the dip phones, and so if they're different, they're going to follow one of the rules from above. And if we've got the epsilon and the omicron, once again, we're going to say, ooh, right? The T rx and the bubble boy are crashing, ooh. So, we get P. Probably right there, right? And this is what, these are all the forms of Poeo, from the paradigm that we learned for Luo, and this is why they look different. Go ahead? Mm hmm. So, contract is just how you're, like, putting it together. It doesn't necessarily mean it changes the, like the definition doesn't the word or anything. It's like cannot and can't is the same exact thing. So it's like the definition stays the same. Yep. So it's all still first, second, third, person, singular, plural. And then the definition stays the same of what it is. So like, that's still, I, what did you say that one was? I do. I do I mean. So it's still, I do. Yeah. But it's just not going to follow the typical conjugation, is what you're saying. Yeah, and even the four, like I said, Poo is one of the easier ones. Like a lot of the contractions we did, you know, for easy. The. But again, the reason that we're memorizing it this way is for us to remember that it's contract. And so that it's going to look different. Yeah, but yeah, everything you've said is True. Just looks different. Definition, everything else is the same. It's what I'm saying, everything else is the same. We're not learning any new paradigms. We're not learning anything. It's just, why do these look weird? That's it. So let's try it with Agapo. We have an alpha. I just wrote an A, but you know what it is. An alpha and an another marker's not working. An alpha and an omega, and they contract what's going to happen. Alpha and Omega. Just the Omega. Omega, member flex rule. Anything with Omega is gonna be our flex rule. Anything with Omega, and almost anything with Omicron, except for the other rules that we know, right? So we get, I'll go. Circumflux there, probably. Yep. Yeah. We've been saying this in our house lately. If you want to say I love you and coin a Greek, I'll go. This is the accusative form of you. I' go post, I love you. And we should we should all be happy right now, because how can we be upset learning about saying love, right? All right, let's try it with the second person singular. Aga and then Ace. We got the alpha and the dythong here. rule number two, if the first two vowels are different with the diph thong, we're going to go back to our first five rules. And what do we doing here? If we Alpha and Epssilon, we get an A in elementary school. Stays an A. We get an A for life, yeah, it stays an A. Would that have the EO to subscript on it, too? It would. Good, good call, Gabby, 'cause the Eoda subscripts with alpha, Ada, and Omega. So this would be Agapas, right? I'm assuming that's. That's what it says in the paradig, right? Right. This is ace instead of A. Yeah. Yeah. Now, this is a good example. You're reading your Greek New Testament, you're trying to translate, you're being a good student, you love God's Word. You come across this first glance. kind of looking like a dative now. right? I mean, just at first glance, before you're thinking through it, that circumflux is going to give you a clue. Oh, yeah, because it's not not where the Eoda subscript is for the. Right. And, I mean, like the dative you know, is at least for the cardia singular doesn't have the sigma. either way. Like we could, if we are thinking through it, we can figure out this is different, but at first glance, this isn't looking like a verb to us. This is looking like like a noun to us. But now, but this is why. This is why. That's what we're learning. Okay, let's try let's keep going. Agapapa and A, same thing without the sigma, right? We have two different vowels with the diphong, so we're going to follow the rules, A and elementary school, A for life, that Ioda is going to subscript. Right? Yeah. again. First glance, kind of maybe looking like a dative noun to us or something, but again, context, what's going on. You know, the context is going to make it clear when you're reading, just like when you're reading in English, the difference between a noun, a person, place, or thing, and a verb is the New Testament talking about love as an idea, or is it saying he he loves or he loved the context is going to do that for us, but now we see how that's happening. All right, let's do the first person floral. Agap p and almond. So we've got an alpha and an amicron. What's gonna happen there? It's gonna be an almega. It's gonna be an omega. flexible rule, right? We only Hogan doesn't only flex this way. He's flexing this way too, right? So if it's not an Aa or an omicron, it's not a rule we've already learned, then anything touching, omega and anything besides epsilon or Omicron touching Omicron is going to be omega. Right? That's what it says? See, I'm not even looking at the paper, but we're just following the rules. We're looking at the book. Agapoen. Looks weird, and you're like, you would see this and you would know. Like, you'd be like, we love or we are loving, but like, why does that look weird? This is why. All right? Agapa and Ea, so we got an alpha and an epsilon. We get an A in elementary school, we get an A for life. You can call that the Bethany rule if you want. You can call it the school rule. You can just forget it and look it up whenever you're come to it, which is probably what we're all going to do, right, but right for right now. So. it looks weird. It's not what we expect, but it makes sense. Now, why that's happening. They're contracting. All right, last one for Agapaho. And again, we're only doing present tense for this. We don't have infinite time, but for the present for the middle passive, for the imperfect, active, and for the imperfect middle passive, all the rules are the same. So you're playing Tetris, right? You're doing math, homer, whatever it is, whatever it makes you excited to think about this, that's what's going on. You're disconnecting the dots. All the pieces fit. For the other verb forms doesn't matter. It's not going to do this. They're not going to contract. For present and imperfect, all four of those paradigms, it's just plug play. That's all it is. So we got alpha, and we've got a diphung here, a o, rule number two for the diphongs, right? And we've got a different we've got different vowels that are connecting. So we're going to follow the rules from above, right? So we've got alpha, and we've got omicron. That's going to be our flex rule again, right? And so I am thinking, this is what we're going to get. You guys can let me know if this is right or not. Is that it? Agapos? Agaposi? Yes. It works, right? It works. How much time? Oh, man. I don't know if we have time for play Rao, but you guys, it's it's all gonna be the same, right? And so, again, I want to give everyone time for restroom and whatever needs to be done before church. But here's let me just reiterate this, let me be a broken record over and over and just say this for us, because this is true for myself. I am, of course, not a Greek expert, I am, like, whatever is on that line between, like, rookie and intermediate, don't roll your eyes. Yeah. Every L. Okay, see? what? Even for me, who was someone who has done this and as tries to use it in sermons and is trying to teach a class right now, right? Even for me, I'm not like thinking about contract verb rules, right? They're way more important, way things that you need to remember that are going to be helpful for you. But we want to when we see it, we want to be like, oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. I remember something's going on here. And then, you look back at chapter seven, and you're like, "Oh, okay, I get it right now, right? And so that's what these verbs are going to do, just like English, words are contr. and say, oh, that's not an apparent mispelling, it's a contraction. Yeah, that's right. That's hopefully what we'll say, right? Let's look at the vocab real quick for chapter seven, and these are going to be a lot of propositions. Oh, actually, I'm sorry, guys, real quick too. At the top of 75, you have the imperfect indicative of A, Paradigm. We learned the present. We looked at the present before Amy, ASD, Sman, SD I C. This is just the imperfect form. And it's got that Ada, it starts with an Ada instead of an epsilon, because, remember, we have the augment at the beginning of the imperfects and those eightas are just contracting there and giving us the epsilons are contracting and giving us eightas. So those are the forms there. Again, with the alien paradigms, we're pretty much just, we recognize them, we see them, we memorize them. There's probably a song he's got for it, if that's your jam. He's got a song for everything. But that's what that is. He's got a little paragraph here in the middle of ' 75 about alternate direct object cases. If we think back to nouns. This is something that he's just exposing us to it. It's more intermediate Greek. So remember I told you that when we were talking about accusative is direct object. Genitive is possession, right? That's our starting place, and then the more we learn, we realize other things are going on with those. Those are just the most prominent. So, there are some verbs that take the genitive or the dative as their direct object. Why? I don't know. That's just what they did, right? And so we come across it at some point, and we're going to know the genitives. It's not being possessive here. It's functioning some other ways. So we're we're gonna drop that of, and it's just going to be what it is, kind of like it would be in the accusative. He gives a list of verbs a ko, which is, I hear, Arco, Cateo, play Rao, play Rao, which we were talking about. They all take the genitive as their direct object. So if there's I feel or I fulfill whatever it is, something, it's going to be in the genitive, just because that's what they did. That's what those are the weird outliers. Or Akolutheo, Apocrinomi, Pistuo, and Praso, they take the dative as a direct object. So this is just a little exposure to a little more intermediate Greek. Okay, and let me read through the vocab for chapter 7 real quick, so you can hear it. We'll talk about prepositions next week. These are prepositions. Apa means from or away from, which takes the genitive. Apa is always followed by the genitive. We're going to see with prepositions, they are followed by specific cases, just because that's what they do. Dia means "through, if it's followed by the genitive, or if Dia is followed by the accusative, it is translated because of. Ace is into among or four, and it's always followed by the accusative. E means "f or out of, always followed by the genitive. N means in, on, at, by width, always followed by the dative. Epi is on, upon or over, if it's followed by the genitive, On upon, at, in, with the dative, On, upon two or four with the accusative. Kata, if it's followed by the genitive, means "down, or against, if it's followed by the accusative is according to, meta, with, orong, if it's followed by genitive, or after, followed by the accusative, Para is from, if followed by the genitive, with followed by the dative, beside on or at with the accusative. Next week we will talk more about helpful ways to note this or remember this. Pros, if followed by the accusatives, 2 or toward. I forgot the one above that. Oh, Perry? About or concerning with the genitive or around with the accusative, soon means with, with the dative, who pair, for on behalf of, with the genitive, or above, beyond with the accusative? Hah, B, with the genitive, under or below with the accusative, andoppion before or in the presence of with the genitive. All right. Anything else? We all good, we're good on contract verbs for the day. All right. Well, we got brother Shane Sluka bringing the word to us, this morning.. Will you pray? Yeah, I'll pray. Dorily, Father, thank you for today. Thank you for Sunday and for the opportunity to remember the resurrection every single week and to start our week with that. And I just pray that it infiltrates our hearts and our lives in the upcoming week. And I am so grateful for this class, for Greek as we learn how to be better stewards of your word and better students. And I pray that the things that we're learning in this class are not wasted, but are lessons that we can bring forward into our everyday lives from here on out. And then finally, I just want to pray over the service and as brother Shane brings the sermon that our hearts will be edified and encouraged and rebuked and that the Holy Spirit will work through his preaching and we pray all of this in Jesus name. Amen. Amen. Amen.